Barnacles are one of those frequently overlooked creatures until the oblivious swimmer or fisherman contacts their sharp and jagged outer shell.
Related to crabs and lobsters, these animals are commonly found in shallow waters which advance and retreat with the tides. Barnacles affix themselves permanently to hard, dense objects, thereby encrusting their surface.
This includes dock pilings, sea walls, riprap, and most other fixed objects left in the water. Occasionally barnacles can be found attached to mobile articles like seashells, bottles and other debris.
Barnacles are frequently seen on pilings. Sometimes they will attach to shells, bottles and other submerged solid objects.
Combined with a strong current or substantial wave, people or anything else can experience the abrasive qualities of this marine arthropod. Their rough exterior aside, barnacles are a benign and curious inhabitant of the coast.
There are currently over a thousand identified barnacle species known worldwide. Those from the super order Cirripedia are most common in local waters.
Barnacles have two larval stages before developing into adulthood. Once hatched, the initial phase involves growth and development for about six months.
The second larval stage finds the barnacle independent and seeking a lifelong site with all the necessary amenities. This period may last from days to weeks as the barnacle explores its environment while being carried by the currents and tides.
During the second larval stage, the tiny barnacle lives on stored nutrients and does not eat. As these resources deplete, the unlucky barnacle may be forced to settle for a less than ideal home site.
When the site is selected, the barnacle literally becomes attached for life. It uses secretions from glands at the base of its head to glue itself upside down to the object.
As they settle into their new home, they develop protective armor plating. Barnacles continue to build this predator protection throughout life, adding new material to their heavily calcified and rough shells.
To feed, the barnacle extends its feathery feet into the flowing water and filters out plankton delivered by random chance.
No matter what the activity, it is best to give barnacles plenty of space.
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